STRATEGY |
DESCRIPTION |
METACOGNITIVE
STRATEGIES |
Plan / Organize |
Planner |
Before beginning
a task:
Set goals.
Plan the task or content sequence.
Plan how to accomplish the task
(choose strategies).
Preview a text. |
Monitor / Identify
Problems |
Check |
While working on
a task:
Check your progress on the task.
Check your comprehension as
you use the language. Do you understand? If not, what is the problem?
Check your production as you
use the language. Are you making sense? If not, what is the problem? |
Evaluate |
I did it! |
After completing
a task:
Assess how well you have accomplished
the learning task.
Assess how well you have used
learning strategies.
Decide how effective the strategies
were.
Identify changes you will make
the next time you have a similar task to do. |
Manage Your Own
Learning |
 Pace
Yourself
|
Determine how you
learn best.
Arrange conditions that help
you learn.
Seek opportunities for practice.
Focus your attention on the
task. |
TASK-BASED
STRATEGIES |
 USE WHAT YOU KNOW
|
Use Background
Knowledge |
I know. |
Think about and
use what you already know to help you do the task.
Make associations between new
information and your prior knowledge.
Use new information to clarify
or modify your prior knowledge. |
Make Inferences |
Use Clues |
Use context and
what you know to figure out meaning.
Read and listen between the
lines.
Go beyond the text to understand
its meaning. |
Make Predictions |
Crystal Ball |
Anticipate information
to come.
Make logical guesses about what
will happen in a written or oral text.
Make an estimate (math).
Make a hypothesis (science). |
Personalize |
Me |
Relate new concepts
to your own life, to your experiences, knowledge, beliefs and feelings. |
Transfer / Use
Cognates |
Coffee/Café |
Apply your linguistic
knowledge of other languages (including your native language) to
the target language.
Recognize cognates. |
Substitute /
Paraphrase |
Make it work |
Use a synonym or
descriptive phrase for unknown words or expressions. |
 USE
YOUR SENSES
|
Use Images |
See it in your mind |
Use or create an
actual or mental image to understand and/or represent information.
Use or draw a picture or diagram. |
Use Sounds |
Sound Out |
Say or read aloud
a word, sentence, or paragraph to help your understanding.
Sound out/vocalize.
Use your “mental tape recorder” to
remember sounds, words, phrases, and/or conversations. |
Use Your Kinesthetic
Sense |
|
Act out a role,
for example, in Readers’ Theater, or imagine yourself in different
roles in the target language.
Use real objects to help you
remember words, sentences, or content information. |
 USE YOUR ORGANIZATIONAL SKILLS 
|
Find/Apply Patterns |
abacus |
Apply a rule.
Make a rule.
Recognize and apply letter/sound, grammar, discourse, or register
rules.
Identify patterns in literature (genre).
Identify patterns in math, science, and social studies. |
Classify/Sequence |
Life cycle |
Categorize words or ideas according to attributes.
Classify living things; identify natural cycles.
Identify order and sequences in math, science, and social studies.
Sequence events in history. |
Take Notes |
PDA |
Write down important words and ideas while listening
or reading.
List ideas or words to include in speaking or writing.. |
Use Graphic Organizers |
A Venn diagram |
Use or create visual representations (such as Venn
diagrams, time lines, webs, and charts) of important relationships
between concepts. |
Summarize |
Main Idea |
Create a mental, oral, or written summary of information. |
Use Selective
Attention |
Focus |
Focus on specific information, structures, key words,
phrases, or ideas. |
 USE
A VARIETY OF RESOURCES 
|
Access Information
Sources |
 Look it up!
|
Use the dictionary, the internet, and other reference
materials.
Seek out and use sources of information.
Follow a model
Ask questions |
Cooperate |
Together |
Work with others to complete tasks, build confidence,
and give and receive feedback. |
Talk Yourself
Through It
(SelfTalk) |
I can do it! |
Use your inner resources. Reduce your anxiety by reminding
yourself of your progress, the resources you have available, and
your goals. |
